The First Chemotherapy

Aminopterin Attempting to Slay Cancer
In a centuries-old battle against a relentless enemy, cancer biologists have had no choice but to plunge-in head first, using whatever weaponry was in arm’s reach as they fell. Only the most gruesome of treatments worked: mutilating surgeries, radiation bombardment, and mustard gas (a literal weapon), among others. Researchers yearned for a cancer-killing drug, a “cure.” By the 1940s they had grown despondent, hopeless that a cure could be found. Then in the winter of 1947, Sidney Farber (a laboratory pathologist, desperate to leave his microscope and treat patients) took the first successful step in that direction. He performed an impromptu clinical trial of Aminopterin (a then newly-synthesized folate antagonist) with a two-year old boy 'on the verge of death.' The offender: lymphoid leukemia. The young boy’s subsequent remission was momentous and ignited the field of chemotherapy and hope for a cure.
Looking for more?
1. You may find a nice history of cancer chemotherapy here.
2. Interested in reading further? I am presently in the throngs of The Emperor of All Maladies by Siddhartha Mukherjee. This NY Times article describes it nicely.

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